Known as the Early Journal Content, this set of works include research articles, news, letters, and other writings published in more than 200 of the oldest leading academic journals. The works date from the mid--seventeenth to the early twentieth centuries. We encourage people to read and share the Early Journal Content openly and to tell others that this resource exists. People may post this content online or redistribute in any way for non--commercial purposes. Read more about Early Journal

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... ntent at http://about.jstor.org/participate--jstor/individuals/early-journal--content. JSTOR is a digital library of academic journals, books, and primary source objects. JSTOR helps people discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content through a powerful research and teaching platform, and preserves this content for future generations. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not--for--profit organization that also includes Ithaka S+R and Portico. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY THE ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY writer, not to say propagandist, on the subject of the diplomatic relations of Japan and America. Whether one reads his Asia at the Door, his American-Japanese Relations, the present work, or his Modern Germany and other attempts in Japanese, the reader will be impressed with the same note through all of apologetics for his native land or the lament that neither has the United States nor have other Western Powers admitted Japan without reservation and fully into the comity of nations or to a complete social and legal equality. The author's announced and laudable motive is to promote friendly relations and good feeling between the United States and Japan, the two nations most concerned in the political and economic questions that determine the future of the lands bordering on the Pacific Ocean. The whole viewpoint, however, is essentially Japanese and asserts the following disputable and in my opinion untrue major premise that Japan has not received a square deal from America. This unhistorical attitude somewhat minimizes the author's chance of becoming the ideal interpreter of rational relations between the two countries, such as are typified in the Root-Takahira and Lansing-Ishii "gentlemen's agreements" which have signalized and emphasized the personal and national attitudes of America to Japan under the Roosevelt and Wilson administrations. It is safe to say that this attitude has never seriously varied since the days of Commodore Perry, on the part of the United States at least. Mr. Kawakami's book will and should be read, however, by all those who wish to be informed on moderate Japanese opinion on certain controverted diplomatic or economic questions between the two governments, especially on those relating to California, Mexico, the Philippines, China, and German ambitions and dastardly intrigue. It offers some antidote to the Jingoistic utterances, writings and doings of certain American, Japanese and German trouble-makers. Mr. Kawakami has a personal axe to grind also because he desires to become a naturalized citizen of the United States and he regards our attitude against naturalization as the real menace to our future relations with Japan. Equally as fantastic is his doctrine that Japan, the most serious enemy of the "Open Door" in China and the chief power threatening Chinese "integrity," prior to Mr. Lansing's agreement with Ishii, has been the sole nation to fight to maintain these principles. The "Open Door" is well known as an American policy begun in the American-Chinese Treaty of Wang Hia and emphasized by John Hay.