Invasive candidiasis (IC) is the most common cause of invasive fungal infections. Identification of risk factors for such infection may help in the empirical therapeutic decision-making process. We conducted this study to characterize the clinical epidemiology of such infection and to differentiate risk factors between Candida albicans and Candida nonalbicans species. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients with IC from 2011 to 2013. Clinical data, antibiotic therapy, underlying

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... , and invasive procedures were analyzed and compared between C. albicans and C. non-albicans species. Results: C. albicans was the most frequently isolated Candida species (48.6% of all IC patients), although C. non-albicans spp. were more commonly isolated overall. C. albicans, Candida tropicalis, and Candida parapsilosis have a high susceptibility rate to all antifungal agents (>90%), whereas Candida glabrata showed decreased susceptibility to fluconazole and itraconazole. Amphotericin B demonstrated excellent antifungal activity against all Candida species. Univariate analyses showed that IC patients with C. albicans had a higher ratio of older age (p Z 0.008), solid tumor (p Z 0.029), and hypoproteinemia (p Z 0.019), whereas those with C. non-albicans spp. had a higher ratio of hospital length of stay (p Z 0.005), usage of corticosteroids (p Z 0.011), duration on corticosteroids (p Z 0.005), chemotherapy (p Z 0.022), hematologic malignancy (p Z 0.039), neutropenia (p Z 0.030), and usage of glycopeptides (p Z 0.002). Multivariate analyses showed that a significant predictor of IC due to C. albicans was hypoproteinemia [odds ratio (95% confidence interval) Z 2.133 (1.164e3.908), p Z 0.014].