The root canal preparation is an important step in the treatment is still considering the wear surface of the instrument. Several studies point out different instruments by acting on extracted human teeth, artificial teeth, bovine bone blocks of phenolic resin and acrylic. Replacing human teeth is difficult although the phenolic resin has similar mechanical properties and has been shown in research trials close relationship between capacity and efficiency of cutting tools and wear is stainless

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... teel or nickel-titanium alloy.The objective of this study analysis of the Vickers hardness of the surface 5 blocks of phenolic resin drawing on microdurometer. The analysis consisted of inclusion, metallographic finish and subsequently reviewed by microhardness tester equipped with a base, and indenter load application system and coupled microscope with magnification of 100X and 400X. We applied load of 100gf measuring hardness at 5 different points chosen randomly, with the diamond indenter positioned over the sample for 15 seconds. After that, the penetrator is lifted and the 40X objective is positioned to read digital display, the HV numerical value calculated from the diagonal of print. Statistical analysis was performed taking advantage of the parametric test ANOVA: a criterion, which allowed us to state that there is no statistically significant difference between the mean frequencies in the 5 points of the samples (p>0.05). It was concluded that the mean values of the blocks of phenolic resin showed similar Vickers hardness. The test proved a Vickers hardness measurement procedure recommended for testing of phenolic resin.