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A new way of estimating the spatial and temporal components of the Vertical Total Electron Content gradient based on UPC‐IonSAT Global Ionosphere Maps
2022
Space Weather: The international journal of research and applications
The fluctuations of the ionospheric electron density (i.e., ionosphere perturbations) have adverse impacts on the transionospheric radio signals including radar altimetry, radio communication systems, space-based remote sensing, and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning (e.g., Jakowski, Béniguel, et al., 2012; Jakowski, Borries, & Wilken, 2012; Monaldo, 1991) . For example, due to the large fluctuations of the ionospheric electron density, the GPS stations experienced an outage
doi:10.1029/2021sw002926
fatcat:kcbycmvwbjdmlgnybb4czr6pk4