The development of ocean management emerged during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development 1992 (UNCED) . UNCED produced what known as Rio Declaration, which introduced a wider, sustainable and integrated approach in managing the environment and this includes ocean space . As a result, Indonesia has produced Indonesian Act 32/2004 on Regional Autonomy, which devolves the management of coastal zone to provincial administration u/p to 12 nautical miles from the coastal

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... ne, and one-third of the provincial administration is under local government administration . Further development was the enactment of Indonesian Act 27/2007 on the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands, which provides regulations on coastal areas zoning which will be conducted by regional as well as local government . This paper will analyse the legal conformity between national law on coastal management (as regulated under Act 32/2004 and Act 27/2007) with archipelagic states principles provided by international law (Part IV of the Law of the Sea Convention 1982) . It is argued that the ground norm of archipelagic state principles was restoring the function of the ocean as unifying factor of Indonesian people for optimal utilization of ocean resources . On the other hand, the implementation of Act 32/2004 and Act 27/2007 raised conflicts, especially conflicts between traditional fishermen, which transform the function of the ocean as dividing factor of Indonesian people . Thus, it is argued that in ocean management more emphasized on the groun norm of archipelagic state principles should be done . In addition, a new system and corresponding sets of values for policy formulation and implementation must be created .