A portable optical emission spectroscopy-cavity ringdown spectroscopy dual-mode plasma spectrometer for measurements of environmentally important trace heavy metals: Initial test with elemental Hg Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 095109 (2012) Recent improvements of the JET lithium beam diagnostic Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D533 (2012) Mach-Zehnder recording systems for pulsed power diagnostics Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D719 (2012) Inversion technique to obtain local rotation velocity and ion temperature

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... m line-integrated measurements for elongated tokamak plasma Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 10D717 (2012) Additional information on Rev. Sci. Instrum. Aperture, pin-hole and collimator detection systems are often used in plasma diagnostics, for example, in soft x-ray detection and bolometer systems. In this article the simultaneous optimization of viewing-beam overlap and light yield is considered in multi-channel aperture and collimator systems for two-dimensional ͑2D͒ tomography. This article briefly highlights the relation between beamwidth overlap and spatial aliasing in tomography, and how aliasing can be avoided in theory and in practice. Three-dimensional ͑3D͒ single-channel aperture and collimator systems can be approximated by a combination of two planar systems if the aperture is rectangular. Three ways to optimize beamwidth overlap and light yield for planar aperture and collimator systems are considered in detail: overlap of the angular étendue at the full width at half maximum ͑FWHM͒, overlap of the geometric function at the FWHM a certain distance from the aperture, and arbitrary overlap for a given maximum beamwidth. The combination of 2D effects from all three optimization methods were used in the design of 3D apertures for a new multi-channel bolometer camera on the Joint European Torus tokamak. The resulting apertures are complex, but the new camera has several advantages over previous cameras. In 2D tomography it is necessary to assume that the diagnosed quantity, here taken to be emission from an optically thin plasma, does not vary in the direction perpendicular to the reconstruction plane over a thickness that is measured by the 3D detection system ͑see Fig. 1 for the layout of a͒