Article purpose is to show the significance of the ideas of Shpet for the development of Russian philosophy and the Russian hermeneutics. Particular attention is given to the relationship of word and personality in the process of understanding. The emphasis is on the relevance of hermeneutic developments of the thinker for the present. Abstract: It's asserted in the article that the idea of different "types of rationality" leads to the methodologically inappropriate increasing of the number of

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... uch types. In the opinion of the author the real differences in thoughts or ways of existence are embodiments of one and the same rationality as an attribute of the social mode of human existence.