While Indigenous and Chicano scholars have articulated sound critiques of the colonizing agendas shaping what counts as legitimate research, their arguments for alternative methodologies are generally silent on the role grassroots research collectives play in forming a strategic response to colonialism in the present. Here, the author develops a positional review of existing bodies of work, in particular participatory action-research (PAR) projects, focusing on what can be learned from these

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... eriments in community self-determination. Building from PAR projects in North America, the author argues for a renewed understanding of the primacy of grassroots structures in decolonizing, Indigenous research projects as they have taken form in New Zealand and Latin America. These lessons suggest that decolonizing research strategies are less about the struggle for method and more about the spaces that make decolonizing research possible. The review concludes with a discussion of the possibility in research undertaken by Chicano and Indigenous scholars, who find themselves as "outsiders-within" university spaces.