Simmondsin concentrate from defatted jojoba meal

Selim M. Erhan, Thomas P. Abbott, H. Nabetani, H. Purcell
1997 Industrial crops and products (Print)  
A water-extract of defatted jojoba meal was filtered and concentrated from 2.6 to 23% solids on a pilot scale in a reverse osmosis concentration apparatus and then freeze-dried. The characteristics of the membrane and new concentrator were determined with both glucose and the water-extract from jojoba meal. Permeate flux was not significantly affected by the change in total flow within the controllable limits at 1. 2, 10. or 20% glucose concentration. With the total flow past the membrane
more » ... ined at 57 11m, the permeate flux was measured at various concentrations and at different pressures across the membrane. A permeate flux rate of 2.21 x 10 -5 mls could be maintained for glucose concentrations up to 20'Y<,. For the extract, pressure across the membrane was adjusted to maintain a permeate flux of 1.24 x 10 -5 mls (3.8 Ilmin for a 5.1 m: surface area membrane) not exceeding the system limit of 6.9 MPa. Using this method, 193 I of 2.6'~/o solids jojoba extract could be concentrated to 25.3 I of 19.7% solids in 45 min. Permeate flux decreased with time because maximum pressure could not maintain a flux rate of 1.24 x 10 -5 mls at the higher solids concentrations. The average permeate flux over the entire experiment was 0.99 x 10 -5 m/s. Based on the pilot scale tests, 568 kg of meal were extracted and processed on industrial equipment. The process included a vacuum drum dryer coated with diatomaceous earth with spray-drying of the concentrate. A powdery solid containing 42% simmondsin and related analogues was obtained. The results of the industrial trials and recommendations for process improvements are discussed. © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V.
doi:10.1016/s0926-6690(96)00215-4 fatcat:3m34wr3uh5asfhsnmpcvbtwwr4