UROLITHIASIS IN CHILDREN

Halah IzzeldinAbuzaid, Medical intern, MBBS, Taibah University, KSA., Shahad MubarakAlAhmadi., Medical intern, MBBS, Taibah University, KSA.
2019 International Journal of Advanced Research  
Urolithiasis is a worldwide problem can affect the children but in lower incidence than in adult. In KSA the incidence of urolithiasis become higher than in the past and twice common than in west countries. Urolithiasis is different in incidence, prevalence and characters of stones according to many factors like history of the patient, diet and geographical location. Objective: The objective of this article is to review the incidence and prevalence of urolithiasis in different countries, risk
more » ... ctors of urolithiasis formation, how can diagnose and treat urolithiasis. Method: This review article was based on 25 articles, various in their types. This article collected from different resources; PubMed, BMJ, Oxford, Ovid, Springer and up to date databases. Including and excluding criteria was use in it. Conclusion: Each single year the incidence of urolithiasis is raising for several causes one of them is genetic predisposition which strongly depend on consanguineous marriages. There are other risk factors such as diet, ethnicity and anatomical abnormalities. For diagnosis, there are several techniques but the most common and beneficial one is CT without contrast. Invasive and non-invasive interventions are the types of urolithiasis treatment depend on the best intervention for the patient according to the doctor estimation. Copy Right, IJAR, 2019,. All rights reserved. ...................................................................................................................... Introduction:-Stones are aggregates made up of crystals and protein present within the kidney or urinary tract. (1) stones are developed by subsequent growth and aggregation of crystallized ions. (2) There are many factors influencing urolithiasis formation; which are urine volume and flow, concentration of the ions and urinary PH. (2) Urolithiasis in children is a worldwide problem, it is uncommon and only 1-3% of kidney stones occurs in children, but the incidence is believed to be on rise. The recent report from UK suggests that males are more likely to suffering from urolithiasis in their first decade of life, but in second decade in females. (2) The prevalence, incidence, composition and characteristic of urolithiasis in children vary due to geographical location and historical periods differences. This variation is also related to climate, genetic, dietary factors and socio-economic factors. (3)
doi:10.21474/ijar01/9792 fatcat:fa6wle44iba7dnxsiiglve5e5y