Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with the main symptom of elevated blood sugar. Many drugs are now used to control diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Rosa damascena extract on blood glucose and insulin levels in diabetic rat models. Methods: In this study, 100 male rats were divided into 10 equal groups of control, untreated diabetic, gavage stress, insulin treatment, and three healthy groups receiving different doses of extract (300, 600, and 900

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... g/kg). Blood samples were taken at the day 0, 17, 31, and 45, and blood glucose, insulin, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and P < 0.050 was considered statistically significant. Findings: There was no significant difference in mean fasting blood glucose and insulin level of different groups before beginning the interventions. Rose extract at the dose of 900 mg/kg significantly decreased blood glucose level (P = 0.007) and significantly increased blood insulin level (P = 0.009) in diabetic rats compared to diabetic control group. This dose of extract also reduced blood glucose and increased insulin levels in healthy non-diabetic rats. Conclusion: Using rose extract can decrease blood sugar, and increase insulin levels. It seems that this extract could be of interest to researchers as a suitable therapeutic potential.