Estática e dinâmica do modelo gaussiano [thesis]

Eduardo do Carmo
The Gaussian model of a ferromagnet on a d-dimensional hipercubic lattice is presented, in the static and dynamic contexts. The thermodynamics of the Gaussian model is investigated evaluating several thermodynamic quantities, in the temperature range of validity of the model (T ≥ T c ). For a ferromagnetic model with first neighbour interactions, the critical dimension and the critical exponents are found. Two kinds of dynamics are applied on the Gaussian model: the Langevin dynamics and the
more » ... n-Hilliard dynamics. The auto-correlation and the response functions, which are the interesting observables from the dynamical point of view, are calculated. The relation between these two functions is also analyzed, through the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. In a more general way, the Langevin behavior is studied through the MSR formalism, which is useful for systems with disorder. The MSR formalism is applied to find auto-correlation and response functions of a random-field Gaussian model (quenched disorder). Furthermore, as a statistical mechanics exercise, three models are presented: a lattice gas with Ising-like orientational degrees of freedom, the q-state Potts model, and the Maier-Saupe model for the transitions in a nematic liquid crystal. At the mean field level, we show that these three models are similar. In particular, we show that the free energy of the three-state Potts Model is equal of the free energy of a discretized version of the Maier-Saupe model, with restrictions on the directions of the director. vii
doi:10.11606/d.43.2007.tde-17122007-091932 fatcat:k67drzirwze5zj2bjvb6r4sidy