The impact of gas evolution on the electrochemical characteristics of planar electrodes and microwire array electrodes has been analyzed using modeling and simulation. The impacts can mainly be broken into three phenomena, a shift in the local reversible hydrogen electrode potential, hyperpolarization and an increase in the solution resistance of the electrolyte. The local reversible hydrogen electrode potential shift was found to play the most important role, constituting >40% of the total

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... ntial drop between the cathode and reference electrode, following correction for cell resistance. Compared to planar electrodes, a microwire array structure reduces the impact of bubbles on the solution conductance, but the shift in the local reversible hydrogen electrode potential varies with distance from the actual electrode surface.