This paper describes an evaluation of the drivers of the duration of grain competitiveness in the European Union (EU-27) member states on global markets from 2000 to 2011. Results indicate that most of the EU-27 member states were competitive with at least one segment of grain chain products. The long-term competitiveness of grain products differs between the EU-27 member states and across grain chain product groups. Trade costs reduce, while agricultural endowments, the level of economic

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... pment, export differentiation for final consumer grain products, EU enlargement and recent EU membership increase the duration of grain competitiveness. Competitiveness may be increased through sustainable grain trade specialization with a focus either on entering the market for diversified niche products, or on developing a competitive, global, integrated supply chain management system.