The electronic structure of strained and unstrained Gd͑0001͒ surfaces has been studied both theoretically and experimentally with spin-polarized photoemission spectroscopy and spin-polarized inverse photoemission spectroscopy. Good agreement between calculated surface bands and surface-induced features of the spectra provides the basis for a more detailed explanation of the origin of the spin-polarized bands than was previously possible. It has been found that observed relaxation of the

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... ely strained in-plane crystal lattice constant, of Gd͑0001͒ on Mo͑112͒, significantly affects the electronic structure of the surface.