A Jet–driven, Extreme High‐Velocity Outflow Powered by a Cold, Low‐Luminosity Protostar near NGC 2023

G. Sandell, L. W. Avery, F. Baas, I. Coulson, W. R. F. Dent, P. Friberg, W. P. K. Gear, J. Greaves, W. Holland, T. Jenness, P. Jewell, J. Lightfoot (+7 others)
1999 Astrophysical Journal  
We have discovered an extreme high-velocity bipolar CO outÑow in the vicinity of NGC 2023, with total outÑow velocities of D200 km s~1. At very high velocities this outÑow is jetlike with an opening angle ¹4¡, while it shows a separate outÑow lobe at low velocities. The outÑow is bipolar and exhibits a clear mirror symmetry, which suggests that the source powering the outÑow is episodic or precessing. The dynamical timescales for the outÑow are ¹3000 yr. We identify the source driving the CO
more » ... with a deeply embedded low-luminosity submillimeter double source (separation D23A), where the primary component lies on the symmetry axis of the outÑow and has all the signatures of a "" class 0 ÏÏ protostellar object. Analysis of molecular data and (sub)millimeter photometry suggests that the driving source is cold and compact, with a luminosity of and a total mass of 1.8È4.6 It has no near-IR [10 L _ M _ . counterpart, it drives an extremely young outÑow, and it emits a large fraction of its luminosity in the submillimeter regime. Both millimeter sources have low dust emissivity, b D 0.8È1.3, similar to what is found for other class 0 objects, while the surrounding molecular cloud core appears to have a b D 2.0, the canonical value for "" normal ÏÏ interstellar dust in the submillimeter regime.
doi:10.1086/307367 fatcat:go62qozprjbhdel2h7bjhyy2ou