This paper presents a transmission. line model for the simulation of electromagnetic transients in power systems. The model can be applied to both overhead lines and cables, even in the presence of a strongly frequency dependent transformation matrix and widely different modal time delays. This has been achieved through a phase domain formulation where the modal characteristics have been utilized in the approximation for the propagation matrix. High computational efficiency is achieved by

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... ng modes with nearly equal velocities, and by columnwise realization of the matrices for propagation and characteristic admittance.