April, '19] HAWLEY: PHORBIA FUSCICEPS 203 Don B. Whelan, East Lansing, Michigan. Mr. Whelan reports crude arsenious oxide to be as effective against grasshoppers as Paris green when used at the same strength, the formula used being one pound of poison, one bushel of sawdust, one scant pound of salt and one cup of molasses with water as needed. Mr. E. E. Twinge, County Agricultural Agent of Kalkaska County, Michigan, used a barrel of this crude arsenious oxide (coarse, granular grade) and

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... d results generally favorable as to its efficiency against grasshoppers but he does not believe it gives as good satisfaction as white arsenic, of which several tons were used in Kalkaska County. This may have been due to the coarseness of the crude arsenic. The formula given by Whelan and noted above was used. V. L. Wildermuth, Tempe, Arizona. Under date of October 18, 1918, Mr. Wildermuth writes, "We tried the crude arsenious oxide against grasshoppers on three different occasions and were not at all satisfied with the results." He adds that the earlier sample furnished by Mr. Walton, which was a finely powdered material, proved quite satisfactory and gave excellent results and concludes that a powdered grade would be quite more desirable than Paris green, chiefly because of its cheapness and equal effectiveness. Our own experience with crude arsenious oxide has shown it to be quite satisfactory against cutworms, army worms, and grasshoppers, and in some cases it seemed to be even more effective than Paris green but when using the coarse, granular grade we experienced the same difficulty noted by othes. We also found the bait almost as effective when half sawdust was substituted for bran. From the above work conducted in various parts of the continent we conclude that crude arsenious oxide is a satisfactory and reliable substitute for Paris green at about one seventh the cost but that a powdered grade only should be recommended. The one advantage of Paris green over powdered arsenious oxide is its color which simplifies the mixing and makes possible an unquestionable thorough mixture.