On Non-Standard Models of Peano Arithmetic and Tennenbaum's Theorem [article]

Samuel Reid
2013 arXiv   pre-print
Throughout the course of mathematical history, generalizations of previously understood concepts and structures have led to the fruitful development of the hierarchy of number systems, non-euclidean geometry, and many other epochal phases in mathematical progress. In the study of formalized theories of arithmetic, it is only natural to consider the extension from the standard model of Peano arithmetic, 〈N,+,×,≤,0,1 〉, to non-standard models of arithmetic. The existence of non-standard models of
more » ... Peano arithmetic provided motivation in the early 20^th century for a variety of questions in model theory regarding the classification of models up to isomorphism and the properties that non-standard models of Peano arithmetic have. This paper presents these questions and the necessary results to prove Tennenbaum's Theorem, which draws an explicit line between the properties of standard and non-standard models; namely, that no countable non-standard model of Peano arithmetic is recursive. These model-theoretic results have contributed to the foundational framework within which research programs developed by Skolem, Rosser, Tarski, Mostowski and others have flourished. While such foundational topics were crucial to active fields of research during the middle of the 20^th century, numerous open questions about models of arithmetic, and model theory in general, still remain pertinent to the realm of 21^st century mathematical discourse.
arXiv:1311.6375v1 fatcat:lunor2wjinhufkr2z563uouob4