Kanter argued that employees come to express their situations through their behaviors, and opportunity and power may explain a large number of discrete individual responses to organizations. Based on Kanter s theory, Laschinger et al. developed the Nursing Work Empowerment Scale, which includes the Conditions of Work Effectiveness Questionnaire CWEQ I. Objectives The purpose of this study is to develop a Japanese version of the Nursing Work Empowerment Scale and to test its utility. Methods

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... r obtaining permission, we developed the Japanese version of the Nursing Work Empowerment Scale by translating and back-translating the CWEQ I. We invited nursing staff from five hospitals N 1,511 to submit answers to the questionnaire. Results We received responses from a total of 1,145 nursing staff response rate 76% .