Bayt al-Maqdis was the cradle of many civilisations in the past, and at the same time a sacred city for each of the three monotheistic religions. The Muslim dominance in the city represents a time of about thirteen centuries -except for Crusader occupation period about a century-, from the Umar's conquest (638) until the Ottoman Empire abandoned the regional government to the British (1917). The Awqaf are one of institutions that played significant role in constructing social life in Jerusalem under Ottoman role.