Inspired by the fermentation of multiple small bread embryos to form large bread embryos, in this study, the expansion of tin foil inlaid with sodium rings in the process of repeated sodium inlaid and removal was utilized to maximum extent to realize the formation of sodium-tin alloy anode and the improvement of sodium storage characteristics. The special design of Sn foil inlaid with Na ring realized the in-situ electrochemical formation of fluffy porous sodium-tin alloy, effectively

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... the volume expansion and shrinkage of non-electrochemical active Sn metal, and inhibited the generation of sodium dendrites. The abundance of sodium ions provided by the Na metal ring compensated for the active sodium components consumed during the repeated formation of SEI. When sodium-tin alloy in situ derived by Sn foil inlaid with Na ring was used as negative electrodes matched with SCDC and Na0.91MnO2 hexagonal tablets (NMO HTs) positive electrodes, the as-assembled sodium-ion energy storage devices present high specific capacity and excellent cycle stability.