COVID-19 had made many learning opportunities difficult. Governments had to reconsider existing school infrastructure, educational resources suitable for online learning, building teacher capacity, and student readiness for this move. These barriers impacted the educational continuity of many students in the countries affected, and digital equity required careful planning, development, and goal setting to foster effective learning environments. The sample for this study consisted of 272

more »

... an teachers and 3988 Indonesian students. This study used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results of the study showed that the challenges and the solutions based on the Three Framework (Government, Teacher, and Student) had both advantages and disadvantages to implement the best method to ensure equal access to education and to minimize the digital divide by establishing a collaborative and cooperative structure with the private companies and relevant organizations. Based on the Three Framework perspectives, it was critical to redesign and revise the national online platforms and services, including e-learning content for cross-disciplinary competencies during Century 21st skills.