A review of the most current substance use disorder (SUD) treatment/care literature best practices, suggests implementation of user-involvement/oriented models of care results in successful care outcomes. User-involvement models of care are (1) person-centred, (2) demonstrate a patient/person participation approach, (3) apply shared decision-making, and (4) include a recovery model approach to care and client-provider interaction. Current studies that have examined the implementation of

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... olvement models of care in SUD treatment are limited, and furthermore, represent a great degree of overlap without identifying care outcomes that are specific to each model. There appears to be no empirical study that examines SUD care outcomes based on a synthesis of the four models and this may be an indication of further research.