Experimental special relativity with a meter stick and a clock

M. Lund, U. I. Uggerhøj
2009 American Journal of Physics  
We present measurements of the velocity of electrons, performed with an apparatus using the time-of-flight method, to demonstrate that the speed of light c is the limiting speed for electrons. The results obtained show the applicability of relativity in a regime where nonrelativistic physics predicts velocities exceeding c. The main advantages of the apparatus are the simplicity of its operation and the data analysis. By using electrons from weak radioactive sources the experiment is suitable
more » ... r the undergraduate laboratory. Furthermore, we show that with electrons from a linear accelerator and the same apparatus, excellent agreement between data and the relativistic expression for the speed of electrons in the keV-MeV energy range is observed. A simple method requiring minimal tools and mechanical ability, is presented for making a spherical air bearing. The air bearings are used for an exploration of precession. Results of test measurements are presented.
doi:10.1119/1.3049532 fatcat:f27grjfxnngp5odyxfxdudptqq