To investigate the change in intramuscular fat in the quadriceps of stroke patients in a convalescent rehabilitation ward. [Participants and Methods] Two stroke patients in a convalescent rehabilitation ward participated in this study. Intramuscular fat in the quadriceps of the paretic and non-paretic limbs was measured using transverse ultrasound imaging at admission and 3 months later. [Results] Intramuscular fat of both patients decreased after a 3-month hospital stay [case A (paretic side:

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... 2%, non-paretic side: −12.1%); case B (paretic side: −30.7%, non-paretic side: −25.1%)]. The participants' Functional Independence Measure and Fugl-Meyer lower extremity scores after 3 months stay were higher than those of admission. [Conclusion] Intramuscular fat in the quadriceps of stroke patients in a convalescent rehabilitation ward may decrease after a 3-month rehabilitation program together with improvement of lower limb function.