With the advance of wireless communication technologies, small-size and high-performance computing and communication devices like commercial laptops and personal digital assistants are increasingly used in daily life. After the success of second generation mobile systems, more interest was started in wireless communications. This interest has led to two types of wireless networks: infrastructured wireless network and infrastructureless wireless network, it is also called Mobile Ad-Hoc Network

more »

... ANET). The Mobile Ad Hoc Networks are essentially suitable when infrastructure is not present or difficult or costly to setup or when network setup is to be done quickly within a short period. They are very attractive for tactical communication in the military and rescue missions. They are also expected to play an important role in the civilian fora such as convention centers, conferences, and electronic classrooms. The nodes in the MANET are typically powered by batteries which have limited energy reservoir. Some times it becomes very difficult to recharge or replace the battery of nodes; in such situation energy conservations are essential. The lifetime of the nodes show strong dependence on the lifetime of the batteries. In the MANET nodes depend on each other to relay packets. The lost of some nodes may cause significant topological changes, undermine the network operation, and affect the lifetime of the network. Hence the energy consumption becomes an important issue in MANET. We proposed an Energy-aware Node-disjoint Multipath Routing (ENDMR) protocol, which balances node energy utilization to increase the network lifetime, it takes network congestion into account to reduce the routing delay and increases the reliability of the packets reaching the destination.