The structure of the RCAN1:CN complex explains the inhibition of and substrate recruitment by calcineurin

Yang Li, Sarah R. Sheftic, Simina Grigoriu, Charles D. Schwieters, Rebecca Page, Wolfgang Peti
2020 Science Advances  
Regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) is an endogenous inhibitor of the Ser/Thr phosphatase calcineurin (CN). It has been shown that excessive inhibition of CN is a critical factor for Down syndrome and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we determined RCAN1's mode of action. Using a combination of structural, biophysical, and biochemical studies, we show that RCAN1 inhibits CN via multiple routes: first, by blocking essential substrate recruitment sites and, second, by blocking the CN active site using
more » ... distinct mechanisms. We also show that phosphorylation either inhibits RCAN1-CN assembly or converts RCAN1 into a weak inhibitor, which can be reversed by CN via dephosphorylation. This highlights the interplay between posttranslational modifications in regulating CN activity. Last, this work advances our understanding of how active site inhibition of CN can be achieved in a highly specific manner. Together, these data provide the necessary road map for targeting multiple neurological disorders.
doi:10.1126/sciadv.aba3681 pmid:32936779 pmcid:PMC7458460 fatcat:rfwib2vwrjabxbpmi6mhb46lza