Confirmation and Efficacy Tests Against Codling Moth and Oriental Fruit Moth in Peaches and Nectarines Using Combination Heat and Controlled Atmosphere Treatments

Lisa G. Neven, Linda M. Rehfield-ray, David Obenland
2006 Journal of Economic Entomology  
Two high-temperature, forced air treatments under controlled atmosphere conditions, called CATTS for controlled atmosphere/temperature treatment system, were developed for control of all life stages of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), infesting peaches and nectarines (both Prunus spp.). These treatments were used in efÞcacy and conÞrmation tests to kill Ͼ5,000 fourth instar oriental fruit moths and Ͼ30,000 fourth instar codling moths with
more » ... ero survivors. The treatments consist of linear heating rates of either 12 or 24ЊC/h to a Þnal chamber temperature under a 1% O 2 , 15% CO 2 , and Ͼ90% RH atmosphere with air speed between 1.2 and 2.0 m/s. At a 12ЊC linear chamber heating rate, treatment takes Ϸ3 h to reach a Þnal chamber temperature of 46ЊC. The average lowest core temperatures of the fruit reached 43.8ЊC within the last 30 min of the treatment. At a 24ЊC linear chamber heating rate, it takes Ϸ2.5 h to reach a Þnal chamber temperature of 46ЊC. The average lowest core temperatures of the fruit reached 44.6ЊC for the last 15 min of the treatment. It also was determined that both treatments did not signiÞcantly alter the quality parameters that were evaluated to a degree that would have negatively inßuenced the marketability of the fruit. Positive beneÞts of treatment included a slower ripening of treated fruit and an inhibition of the loss of juiciness during storage in some cultivars. These treatments may be used to replacement to methyl bromide fumigation for conventional fruit or as a new treatment for organic fruit contingent upon importing country approval. KEY WORDS codling moth, oriental fruit moth, stone fruit, quarantine, commodity treatment Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), is a pest of quar-
doi:10.1603/0022-0493-99.5.1610 pmid:17066790 fatcat:gw77wfoupzdd5ecfmsdrohmpfe