n summary, from this series of five studies, it is possible to suggest that researchers can now target children's physical activity during school lunch breaks with more confidence. Multiple social-ecological levels of influence on children's physical activity during school breaks were identified. The facilitators and barriers to children's physical activity during school breaks provided the framework to develop a reliable self-report measure examining multiple levels of influence on primary

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... ol children's enjoyment of lunchtime play activities (LEAP questionnaire). The LEAP questionnaire study filled an important gap in the literature via the development of a school context-specific instrument to measure enjoyment, a key mediator of children's school-based physical activity. Important for measuring children's enjoyment of play during interventions targeting school lunch breaks, the intra- and inter-day reliability measurements established that measuring children's enjoyment of lunchtime play would be representative of that particular day, but not necessarily that school week. Furthermore, a range of overall physical activity (steps, distance, intensity, activity types) and short-term quality of life and enjoyment effects from introducing a movable/recycled materials school playground intervention were evident. The RE-AIM evaluation and social-ecological model frameworks revealed that due to the cost-effectiveness, diversity and sustainability of introducing movable/recycled materials, the movable/recycled materials intervention could feasibly be implemented and maintained in a school for at least two and a half years. The positive and multiple social-ecological levels of influence from the intervention suggested that the simple implementation of movable/recycled materials could challenge the concept of conventional, fixed school playgrounds for use during school breaks. There are a number of challenges that face schools to promote children's physical activity in our modern, urbanised society. This thesis build [...]