Hardware device identification has become an important feature for enhancing the security and the trust of interconnected objects. In this paper, we present a device identification method based on measuring physical and electrical properties of the device, while controlling its switching activity. The method is general an applicable to a large range of devices from FPGAs to processors, as long as they embed sensors (such as temperature and voltage) and their measurements are available. The

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... d is enabled by the fact that both the sensors and the effects of the switching activity on the circuit are uniquely affected by manufacturing-induced process variability. The device identification based on this method is made possible by the use of machine learning. The efficiency of the method has been evaluated by a preliminary study conducted on eleven FPGAs.