Japanese cedar pollinosis (JCP), caused by pollen of Japan cedar is the commonest seasonal allergic rhinitis in Japan. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been suggested to be an effective treatment against JCP. However, the precise mechanisms of sublingual immunotherapy involved in allergic rhinitis are still not totally understood. It is important to summarize the potential mechanisms for sublingual immunotherapy on allergic disease including JCP. The ability of SLIT to elicit

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... c tolerance is linked to the peculiar biology of oral antigen-presenting. SLIT inhibits the recruitment and activity of local effector cells in oral mucosa. Mucosal Langerhans cells can capture the allergen and transport it to local lymph nodes, which may promote the induction of suppressive T lymphocytes during allergic response. Meanwhile, B lymphocytes and immunological antibodies appear to play an important role. In addition, accumulating evidences reveal the control role of Treg cell in allergic disease under SLIT treatment and SLIT should be able to induce a specific Treg cell response.