Ascertaining regularities in the effects of organized media on reactivity of organic compounds, establishing of quantitative relationships «structure - property - micellar effects», and searching for efficient ways of structure modifications and functionalization of microorganized systems offer broad potentials for governing the reaction rates. A good choice for decomposition of ecotoxic substrates is the use of reaction media agreeable to "green chemistry" criteria. Solutions of surfactants

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... serve these purposes. Three approaches were used in designing highly efficient organized microheterogeneous systems (OMS) suitable for development of catalytic systems on the basis of dimeric surfactants. The first involves structure variations in cationic surfactants for alkaline hydrolysis (length of spacer and tail, the nature of head group, and so on). The second consists in design of surfactants with reactive counterion; dihalogenohalogenates are the sources of nucleophilic-oxidizing species with a broad spectrum of activity. The third approach involves design of functionalized surfactants which are several orders of magnitude more efficient than their non-functionalized counterparts. Micellar effects in decomposition of 4-nitrophenyl esters of diethylphosphonic, diethylphosphoric and toluenesulfonic acids reach ~ 100 in alkaline hydrolysis, and 10000 times in the systems involving functionalized surfactants. The reagent concentrating and change in nucleophilic reactivity by transferring the reaction from water into the micellar pseudophase contribute significantly to the observed rate acceleration. Hydrophobic properties of surfactant and substrate, mainly the nature of the head group and spacer are essential.