An Emergency Adaptive Communication Protocol for Driver Health Monitoring in WSN Based Vehicular Environments

Young-Duk Kim, Soon Kwon, Woo Young Jung, Dongkyun Kim
2015 International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks  
Driver health and activity monitoring is one of the principal design issues for the safety provision in vehicular environments. Recently, the wireless sensor network technology is widely used to address the concerns in such applications. However, only few conventional protocols have dealt with reliable and prompt delivery of emergency packets considering the vehicular specifications. In this paper, we propose an emergency adaptive communication protocol, which treats the data packet in a
more » ... inatory manner by investigating whether it is emergency or not. Hence, the proposed protocol defines an emergency factor for each data packet and exploits it for both route establishment and channel access procedures. In route establishment, the proposed protocol chooses a route with low delay and high reliability among the candidates by periodic calculation of emergency factor. Then, it dynamically adjusts back-off parameters before participating in the channel contention among the neighbors. In addition, an emergency aware queue management scheme and packet drop policy are proposed to improve the reliability of emergency data traffic during transmission. Our simulation results show that the proposed protocol provides a better performance compared with the existing protocol in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end packet delay, and number of dropped packets. identification of a driver's health condition and related emergency situations can mitigate the occurrence of traffic accidents. This implies that the adopted WSN should be capable of immediate packet processing and delivery for the entire emergency bionic conditions to prevent critical accidents. Second, in addition to the low latency transmissions, the emergency information should be accurately and reliably delivered to the target system in order to prevent unexpected packet losses and misleading responses. Furthermore, the loss of the primitive data packet requires an additional network delay for the connection recovery, which may not mitigate the vehicular accidents. Third, damages due to vehicular accidents are generally more serious in high speed driving compared to driving in compliance with speed limits. Therefore, in high speed driving, the emergency data should be delivered to the destination more promptly and reliably than other calm driving modes.
doi:10.1155/2015/704253 fatcat:rfwbj3amrzad3hokmxulcpmy2m