Various workers developed and identified several sustainable concepts and practices for the management of crop nematodes. In which multiple cropping systems and integrated pest management are age old practices. In the recent time, emphasis has been paid on host resistance, cultural practices like crop rotation, sanitation, avoidance and limited controlled use of nematicides. Traditional practices for root-knot disease management include host resistance, cultural practices like crop rotation,

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... itation, eradication of diseased roots and residues. Application of animal wastes, reutilization of industrial effluents and wastes, use of nematode resistant varieties and certain rhizobacteria may induce resistance in hosts.