Objective: This study investigated the prognosis of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) with uterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM) using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CE-MRA) as well as the correlation between UAVM and the prognosis for GTN to determine how to treat these diseases more effectively. Methods: Forty-four patients with GTN at Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from December 2015 to December 2020 were selected. Imaging characteristics

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... conventional magnetic resonance imaging and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) before treatment, treatment methods, and the prognosis were followed-up. Results: A total of 44 cases were included, including five cases of placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) and 39 cases of GTN. There were two cases of PSTT combined with UAVM and 23 cases of GTN combined with UAVM. Thirty-nine cases of GTN were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of UAVM. Data regarding the β-human chorionic gonadotropin value (<10,000 mIU/mL and ≥10,000 mIU/mL) were evaluated using Chi-square test (P = 0.001); the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage between groups (P > 0.05). The average FIGO scores of the two groups were 4.19 (±3.69) and 6. 70 (±3.39) (P = 0.035); the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The use of CE-MRA is helpful when diagnosing UVAM. The formation of UVAM is related to the prognosis score. The higher the prognosis score, the greater the possibility of UAVM.