HIV/AIDS is a global health issue that disproportionately affects certain regions of the world due to disparities that exist in socio economic capacities to confront the pandemic squarely. Sub-Saharan African countries are still dealing with record high HIV prevalence due to mother-to-child transmission of HIV even with innovative strategies proposed by WHO. Most recently is the introduction of PMTCT guidelines, and despite dramatic positive results in the developed world, the goal of achieving

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... a zero pediatric HIV infection rate is still a tall dream. This paper points out the unique challenges facing Sub-Saharan Africa in a bid to highlight areas where improvements can be made for a more targeted and evidence based approach towards achieving the global goal.