Anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is a compressive neuropathy of the deep peroneal nerve in the anterior ankle at the extensor retinaculum. Several factors may be the cause of anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome: trauma, fractures, subluxation, abnormal posture, edema and others, although there is no association with infectious diseases 1,2 . We report on a 37-year-old woman, with a family history of leprosy, with positive serological (ELISA anti-PGL 1) and molecular (real-time PCR/qPCR of slit-skin

more »

... mear) tests, without skin lesions. Electroneuromyography showed a demyelinating sensory-motor deep peroneal nerve impairment in the ankle, with secondary axonal loss. Peripheral sensory nerve biopsy, confirmed by molecular methods, revealed an atypical primary neural leprosy 3,4 .