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Units of Time in Ancient China and Japan
2004
Nippon Tenmon Gakkai obun kenkyu hokoku
The time systems employed in ancient China and Japan are discussed. It is well known that both in ancient China and Japan 1 day was divided into 12 double hours, and the first double hour began at 23 hr local time. However, it is confirmed in this paper that in the Chinese Song dynasty the first double hour began at 0 hr local time. One day was also divided into 100 equal parts, called ke, and ke was subdivided by a time unit called fen. The number of fen in 1 ke varied from dynasty to dynasty.
doi:10.1093/pasj/56.5.887
fatcat:ee4d5qkxkrcs5d52um3pa5yfbu