INTEGRATING CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC SPACES OF AFRICAN NATURAL PRODUCTS TO UNDERSTAND THEIR THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY

Fatima Magdi Hamza Baldo, Apollo-University Of Cambridge Repository, Apollo-University Of Cambridge Repository, Andreas Bender
2019
INTEGRATING CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND PHYLOGENETIC SPACES OF AFRICAN NATURAL PRODUCTS TO UNDERSTAND THEIR THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY Fatima Magdi Hamza Baldo This research aims to utilise ligand-based target prediction to (i) understand the mechanism of action of African natural products (ANPs), (ii) help identify patterns of phylogenetic use in African traditional medicine and (iii) elucidate the mechanism of action of phenotypically active small molecules and natural products with anti-trypanosomal
more » ... ctivity. In Chapter 2 the objective was to utilise ligand-based target prediction to understand the mechanism of action of natural products (NPs) from African medicinal plants used against cancer. The Random Forest classifier used in this work compares the similarity of the input compounds from the natural product dataset with compound-target combinations in the training set. The more similar they are in structure, the more likely they are to modulate the same target. Natural products from plants used against cancer in Africa were predicted to modulate targets and pathways directly associated with the disease, thus understanding their mechanism of action e.g. "flap endonuclease 1" and "Mcl-1". The "Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway" and "apoptosis modulation by HSP70", two pathways previously linked to cancer (which are not currently targeted by marketed drugs, but have been of increasing interest in recent years) were predicted to be modulated by ANPs. In Chapter 3, we aimed to identify phylogenetic patterns in medicinal plant use and the role this plays in predicting medicinal activity. We combined chemical, predicted target and phylogenetic information of the natural products to identify patterns of use for plant families containing plant species used against cancer in African, Malay and Indian (Ayurveda) traditional medicine. Plant families that are close phylogenetically were found to produce similar natural products that act on similar targets regardless of their origin. Additionally, phylogenetic patterns were identified for Afric [...]
doi:10.17863/cam.36962 fatcat:njz2kwvv5jdirj3hahmhctniqu