This article presents new results in the directions: improvement of the mechanical and spectral properties of the inorganic materials via covering them with nanotubes; improvement of the photorefractive and photoconductive features of the organic structures doped with fullerenes and carbon nanotubes. The first direction is connected with dramatic increase in mechanical hardness and laser strength as well as in decrease of roughness of the UV and IR-soft materials, some oxides based on In and

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... some metals, etc., when these materials have been covered with oriented nanotubes. The second one is regarded to correlation of the nonlinear optical and photoconductive characteristics of the organics doped with fullerenes or nanotubes. The data presented in the paper testified that these nano-objects-containing materials could be used as new transparent optical elements, new laser window for the UV and IR spectral range, and new 3D-media for the broad spectral range. Moreover, the materials studied can be used as new structures for automobile, medicine and information processing systems.