The planar closing lemma for chain recurrence

Maria Lúcia Alvarenga Peixoto, Charles Chapman Pugh
1994 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society  
If z is a chain recurrent point of a C planar flow, all of whose fixed points are hyperbolic, then it is proved that the orbit through z becomes periodic under a perturbation that is C small in the Whitney topology.
doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1994-1107028-9 fatcat:73azloejsjgwrdj3twcfmbbi5u