A. Orange roughy (Hoplostethus atlanticus) is a globally distributed deepwater ambush carnivore. It is slow growing (to about 75 cm) and very long lived (up to 150 years old). This fish was one of the first seamount fish species to be exploited and was historically heavily overfished. It is now listed as threatened in Australian waters. The current annual global reported catch is about 75,000 tonnes, and the true catch is likely to be at least 30% more than this figure. C. The cardinalfish

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... onus telescopus) is one of a small group of deepwater cardinal fish that feeds on invertebrates and small fish worldwide, slowly growing to about 75 cm over 100 years. Present catches are reported as about 4,300 tonnes, likely a large underestimate of the true catch. Tony J. Pitcher (pitcher.t@gmail.com) is Professor of Fisheries, Fisheries