This article discusses the background and the main stages of development and adoption of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety 2000 to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity in 1992 as a unique international agreement designed to promote sustainable use of biological resources for economic and social development and environmental protection through the creation of international legal regime to maintain the safe transboundary movement , handling and use of living modified organisms (LMOs) resulting from the application of modern biotechnology .