A comparative analysis of the results of surgical treatment of esophageal atresia (EA) with the use of advanced and traditional methods was performed. The case histories of 192 newborns whose primary esophageal anastomosis was performed from 2006 to 2015 were studied. Group 1 included 127 children operated by improved method since 2009; Group 2 consisted of 65 children operated by traditional method. Esophageal atresia (EA) is one of the most common inborn defects of esophagus, the surgical

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... ection of which is one of the most important problems of neonatal surgery and anesthesiology. Despite the success achieved in the surgical correction of EA, there is a big number of post-operation complications in 40-60 % of operated patients [1, [38][39][40]. According to literature sources, anastomotic leakage is the most common complication and it occurs in 14-17 % [2, [44][45][46] to 32 % of cases [3, [26][27][28]. Factors leading to anastomotic leakage include: ischemia of oral and aboral ends of the esophagus, strong strain in the zone of anastomosis given the diastasis of over 3 cm., use of inappropriate stitch material and imperfect surgical technique [5, [508][509][510][511]. Also, in the majority of works, gastroesophageal reflux ( GER) is one of the most common complications during post-operation period. According to Е. Somppi, O. Tammela, T. Ruuska et al (1998), GER occurs in 78 %; according to D. Booss, H. Gigget (1998) in 42.8 %; L. Spitz (1999) in 54 %; D. Yu. Krivchenya, A. G. Dubrovin, A. D. Dudyrev (1994) reckon that GER occurs in all patients operated with regard to esophageal atresia [4, 13]. Thus, the problem of early post-operation complications shows a serious reason to search for new methods of treatment and makes it very necessary to improve the technique of surgical correction in the condition of esophageal atresia. Goal of the research: improvement of the results of esophageal atresia treatment in newborns by way of improvement of the technique of surgical correction and reduction of post-operation complications. Materials and methods During the period from 2006 to 2015, 264 newborns with different forms of EA were admitted in the department of neonatal surgery of the Republican Perinatal Center. There were 165 (62.5 %) boys and 99 (37.5 %) girls. Full-term newborns accounted for 197 (75 %) and 67 (25 %) were born prematurely. Among 264 children with different forms of EA, 192 (73 %) had initial esophagoplasty. All newborns with EA underwent the following at admission: esophageal intubation, Elephant test, contrast X-ray examination of the esophagus with water soluble contrast agent as well as ultrasound of internal organs, echocardiography and neurosonography. Combined defects and comorbidities were revealed in 31 % (83) of cases. Most often, EA was combined with GIT diseases (anorectal malformations and duodenal ileus) in 11.4 % of cases, heart diseases in 8.7 % of cases, urinary system defects in