Does Exposure to Facial Composites Damage Eyewitness Memory? A Comprehensive Review

Siegfried L. Sporer, Colin G. Tredoux, Annelies Vredeveldt, Kate Kempen, Alicia Nortje
2020 Applied Cognitive Psychology  
Eyewitnesses often create face likenesses, which are published in the hope that potential suspects will be reported to the police. Witnesses exposed to another witness's composite, however, may be positively or negatively influenced by such composites. A good likeness may facilitate identification, but a bad likeness that resembles an innocent suspect may lead to a misidentification ("mix-up"). We offer a theoretical review, and comprehensively summarize extant studies descriptively because
more » ... studies did not report enough statistical details to warrant a formal meta-analysis. Some studies showed negative exposure effects, particularly when the innocent suspect and composite shared misleading features. Studies that exposed witnesses to "good" composites reported positive or no effects on lineup performance, and some highly powered studies also showed no effect. We outline suggestions for further investigations under ecologically valid conditions. We also make recommendations for investigative practice, and the evaluation of identification evidence by fact finders or courts. K E Y W O R D S eyewitness identification, eyewitness recall, face composites, misinformation effect
doi:10.1002/acp.3705 fatcat:srpuqlokcbhplhh6snrswz4jzy