It is certain that the quality of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by the rescuer is crucial in the outcome of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims. The influence of gender on the quality of bystander CPR is still debatable. This study aimed at investigating the impact of gender on the quality of the bystander CPR practical skills in a group of Nigerian University students involving both the Hands-only and the Conventional CPR techniques. Material and Methods: A

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... imental study was conducted involving two cohort groups (Hands-only CPR and Conventional CPR) of 70 participants each who are undergraduate students in a Nigerian University. After the respective CPR trainings, each participant in each group was asked to carry out the CPR skills using manikins' simulations of cardiac arrest scenario. They were all assessed by an American Heart Association (AHA)-certified instructor. The data was tested using both descriptive statistics and paired sample t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the statistical significance set at P < 0.05. Results: Both male and female participants had good CPR skills after their trainings. Neither male nor female gender showed any statistically significant association with any of the CPR skills (P > 0.05) within and between the CPR training groups. Conclusion/Recommendation: The gender of the participants did not show any statistically significant association with CPR skills. There is need for further related studies on factors that could influence the quality of bystander CPR by Nigerian lay rescuers.