It is critical to administer the correct dose of medications during the treatment regimen. Dosing inappropriately might worsen the illness or possibly result in death. The first and only important approach in clinical drug development is to determine an individual's precise dose. Pharmacokinetic variability is characterized by interindividual changes in anatomical and physiological variables. Population modeling requires a strong foundation of processes to ensure accurate data, appropriate

more »

... tational platforms, sufficient resources, and good communication are all required. This paper examines the various methods for developing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic models. There are a variety of ways that can be used to build population modelling: Nonlinear Mixed-effects Modeling, Bayesian population pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, Physiological covariate modeling, Visual predictive check are some of the modeling strategies that have been discussed here. The evolution of modeling software is explored in this article. The greatest way for determining the optimal treatment for a patient with a certain ailment is to optimize drugs through optimum control. Different control techniques are also explored in this article.