Nagel's case against Physicalism

Pär Sundström
2002 Sats: northern european journal of philosophy  
This paper is an attempt to understand and assess Thomas Nagel's influential case against physicalism in the philosophy of mind. I show that Nagel has claimed that experience is "subjective", or "essentially connected with a single point of view" in at least three different senses: first, in the sense that it is essential to every experience that there be something it is like to have it; second, in the sense that what an experience is like for its possessor cannot be understood by a radically
more » ... fferent type of organism; and third, in the sense that an experience cannot be "apprehended" or "observed" from a third-person perspective. I also show that these three claims have entered into two different arguments for his view that experience cannot be accounted for in physicalist terms. By way of assessment, I suggest that physicalists have decent resources for responding to the second and third of Nagel's claims about the subjectivity of experience, but that they currently have less convincing things to say about the first claim. different senses: first, in the sense that it is essential to every experience that there be something it is like to have it; second, in the sense that what an experience is like for its possessor cannot be understood by a radically different type of organism; and third, in the sense that an experience cannot be "apprehended" or "observed" from a third-person perspective. I will also show that these three claims have entered into at least two different arguments or considerations for the view that physicalism cannot account for experience. 1,2 In conclusion, I try to assess what resources physicalists have for dealing with the subjectivityor alleged subjectivityof experience, in the different senses distinguished. I suggest that physicalists can produce satisfactory responses to the second and third of Nagel's claims, but that they currently have less convincing things to say about the first.
doi:10.1515/sats.2002.91 fatcat:betqqusqajdxtmrmydfkfqtihy