Glaucoma is the second major cause of blindness in the world, and primary open angle glaucoma has a high incidence, complicated pathogenesis and difficult clinical diagnosis and treatment. Its main features are optic nerve damage and visual field defect, which seriously affect the quality of patients' life. The pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma is closely related to genetic factors, and MYOC, OPTN, WDR36 and CAV1/CAV2 genes are related to primary open angle glaucoma. The risk factors

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... or primary open angle glaucoma mainly include intraocular pressure, high myopia, race, age and family history, and the pathogenesis may be aqueous humor outflow obstruction, trabecular meshwork changes, intra-scleral canal changes, Schlemm's canal collapse, hemodynamic abnormalities, related gene abnormalities as well as the effects of aqueous humor. At present, most of the clinical treatment is through drugs, laser and surgery, and local drug therapy is the first choice for primary open angle glaucoma. The study on the pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma has not been uniformly defined, and the corresponding new methods for diagnosis and treatment have been emerging one after another. In clinical practice, the features of the disease should be combined with the patients' actual situation to reasonably use operation and medicines and constantly improve the clinical treatment effect of POAG.